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Mathematics disorder
Definition
Mathematics disorder is a condition in which a child's math ability is far below normal for their age, intelligence, and education.
Alternative Names
Developmental dyscalculia
Causes
Children who have mathematics disorder may have trouble performing simple mathematical equations, such as counting and adding.
Mathematical disorder may appear with:
Symptoms
Early difficulties with math are noticed, as well as low scores in math classes and tests.
Some of the problems seen include:
- Trouble with reading, writing, and copying numbers
- Problems counting and adding numbers, often making simple mistakes
- Difficulty telling the difference between adding and subtracting
- Problems understanding math symbols and word problems
- Unable to line up numbers properly to add, subtract, or multiply
- Unable to arrange numbers from smallest to largest, or the opposite
- Unable to understand graphs
Exams and Tests
Standardized tests can assess the child's math ability. Grades and class performance can also help.
Treatment
The best treatment is remedial education. Other programs that have been successful include "Project Math" and teaching computer skills.
Outlook (Prognosis)
Early intervention improves the chances of a better outcome.
Possible Complications
The child may have problems in school, including behavior problems and loss of self-esteem. Some children with mathematics disorder become anxious or afraid when given math problems, making the problem even worse.
When to Contact a Medical Professional
Call for an appointment with your health care provider if you have any concerns about your child's development.
Prevention
Recognizing the problem early is important. Treatment may begin as early as kindergarten or elementary school.
References
Kelly DP.Neurodevelopmental function and dysfunction in thes chool-aged child. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 19th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 29.
Reviewed By: Neil K. Kaneshiro, MD, MHA, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M. Health Solutions, Ebix, Inc.
